According to the World Health Organization from 80 to 100% of the adult population in different age groups, suffer inflammatory periodontal diseases. Periodontal diseases along with dental caries and its complications are the most common dental diseases. It is now established that in patients older than 40 years, the cause of tooth loss is more periodontal disease than tooth decay.

Microbial factor, being one of the most powerful etiologic agents, causes various clinical manifestations of periodontal disease. A significant role in pathogenesis of periodontitis have the composition and types of microorganisms in dental plaque, its volume, time of exposition of the areas of gingival and periodontal tissues. These factors, according to most researchers, explain the development of inflammatory changes in the periodontium with different clinical manifestations.

Periodontal diseases are a diverse group of infectious diseases of periodontal tissues with different specific pathogens, which are non-clostridial anaerobic bacteria. According to the WHO classification, they are grouped in the so-called Periodontopathogenic  Bacteria (PB) .

It is now established that this group of pathogens is a major cause of progressive periodontal disease. This leads to the need for specific methods of diagnosis and treatment of identified bacteria in chronic-progressive-resistant and aggressive periodontal disease. Purely mechanical treatment is generally ineffective, particularly when PB are present in oral cavity and in this case it should be used antibacterial therapy. A necessary condition for choosing the appropriate antimicrobial agent is the knowledge of the bacterial spectrum and the concentration of present microorganisms.